TOPLINE:
A high-quality low-carbohydrate weight loss plan (LCD), wealthy in plant-based proteins and wholesome fat, was related to slower weight achieve, whereas a lower-quality LCD was related to the reverse.
METHODOLOGY:
- Potential cohort research included 123,332 individuals from the Nurses’ Well being Research (NHS, 1986-2010 and 1991-2015) and the Well being Professionals Observe-up Examine (HPFS, 1986-2018).
- Diets assessed by questionnaires had been categorized as: (1) complete LCD (TLCD), emphasizing general decrease carbohydrate consumption; (2) animal-based LCD (ALCD), emphasizing animal-sourced protein and fats; (3) vegetable-based LCD (VLCD), emphasizing plant-sourced protein and fats; (4) a wholesome LCD (HLCD), emphasizing much less refined carbohydrates, extra plant protein, and wholesome fats; and (5) unhealthy LCD (ULCD), emphasizing much less healthful carbohydrates, extra animal protein, and unhealthy fats.
- The first end result was 4-year reported adjustments in physique weight, divided into quintiles, with Q3 = no change, Q1 = largest lower, and Q5 = largest improve.
TAKEAWAY:
- Members gained a imply of 1.3 kg over every 4-year interval, with positive aspects of 0.8, 1.8, and 0.5 kg for NHS, NHSII, and HPFS, respectively.
- After adjusting for baseline and concomitant adjustments in life-style and demographic elements, in contrast with individuals with no change within the TLCD rating over 4-year intervals, these with the most important improve (Q5) within the TLCD rating didn’t have important weight change (0.03 kg), whereas these with the most important lower (Q1) within the TLCD rating had considerably much less weight achieve (−0.20 kg).
- Equally, these following a VLCD with Q5 change, in contrast with these with secure Q3 adherence, skilled 0.21 kg much less weight achieve, and people with Q1 change skilled 0.17 kg much less weight achieve, each important.
- Adhering to an ALCD was related to extra weight achieve over time, with every 1 customary deviation (SD) improve in ALCD related to a major 0.13 kg extra weight achieve over 4-year intervals.
- Reverse outcomes had been seen for ULCD and HLCD scores, the place a 1-SD improve in HLCD and ULCD was related to a major 0.36 kg weight reduction and 0.39 kg weight achieve, respectively, over 4-year intervals.
- The associations had been stronger amongst people with baseline physique mass index ≥ 30 kg/m2.
IN PRACTICE:
“The findings of this cohort research underscore the significance of weight loss plan high quality inside LCD patterns for weight administration…Total, the research findings argue towards the only real focus of macronutrient amount for weight administration and recommend the essential position of nutrient high quality in sustaining a wholesome physique weight.”
SOURCE:
This research was carried out by Binkai Liu, MS, of the Division of Diet, Harvard T.H. Chan Faculty of Public Well being, Boston, Massachusetts, and colleagues. The findings had been printed on-line on December 27, 2023, in JAMA Community Open.
LIMITATIONS:
- Self-reported information.
- Observational research, potential for residual confounding.
- No physique composition measurement.
- Examine inhabitants was primarily White well being professionals.
DISCLOSURES:
This research was funded by analysis grants from the Nationwide Institutes of Well being, and one coauthor is supported by a postdoctoral fellowship award from the Canadian Institutes of Well being Analysis.
Miriam E. Tucker is a contract journalist primarily based within the Washington DC space. She is a daily contributor to Medscape Medical Information, with different work showing within the Washington Put up, NPR’s Photographs weblog, and Diabetes Forecast journal. She is on X (previously often called Twitter): @MiriamETucker.